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# Special Issue "Efficient Utilization of Energy toward Realization of Smart City"

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "Energy and Buildings".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 December 2020.

## Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Yoshikazu Fukuyama
Website
Guest Editor
Meiji Univ, Dept. of Network Design, School of Interdisciplinary Mathematical Science, Tokyo, Japan
Interests: Smart City; Applications of Computational Intelligent Techniques to Practical Problems; Power Engineering; Power Conversion; Microgrids Optimization; Energy Saving; Energy Management; Soft Computing; Renewable Energy Technologies

## Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Recently, global warming has become one of the main issues globally. One of the causes of global warming is the increase of greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, the efficient utilization of energy is necessary for the reduction of emissions, and smart city demonstration (SC) projects have been conducted all over the world in order to reduce the total energy used and the amount of CO2 emissions. Using various technologies, including renewable energies such as solar and wind power generation, storage batteries, and recent information technologies, SC can realize sustainable and low carbon emission cities. All countries attending the UN climate change conference 2015 (COP21) proposed the goal to reduce the amount of CO2 in 2015. The importance of SC is increasing all over the world as a reduction of the amount of CO2 emissions was again recognized at the COP21.

In order to realize smart cities, research has to be conducted in various sectors, and this will be the focus of this Special Issue. Topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

- Smart energy management in factories, buildings, and houses,

- Energy efficiency in drinking water and wastewater treatment plants,

- Energy efficiency in trains and automobiles, and networks of these,

- Energy efficiency in electric power systems,

- Energy efficiency in whole cities.

Prof. Dr. Yoshikazu Fukuyama
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All papers will be peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

## Keywords

• Energy Management
• Energy Efficiency
• Energy Cost
• Energy Reduction
• Energy Loss Reduction

## Published Papers (1 paper)

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# Research

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle
Optimal Sizing and Scheduling of Hybrid Energy Systems: The Cases of Morona Santiago and the Galapagos Islands
Energies 2020, 13(15), 3933; https://doi.org/10.3390/en13153933 - 01 Aug 2020
Abstract
Hybrid energy systems (HESs) generate electricity from multiple energy sources that complement each other. Recently, due to the reduction in costs of photovoltaic (PV) modules and wind turbines, these types of systems have become economically competitive. In this study, a mathematical programming model [...] Read more.
Hybrid energy systems (HESs) generate electricity from multiple energy sources that complement each other. Recently, due to the reduction in costs of photovoltaic (PV) modules and wind turbines, these types of systems have become economically competitive. In this study, a mathematical programming model is applied to evaluate the techno-economic feasibility of autonomous units located in two isolated areas of Ecuador: first, the province of Galapagos (subtropical island) and second, the province of Morona Santiago (Amazonian tropical forest). The two case studies suggest that HESs are potential solutions to reduce the dependence of rural villages on fossil fuels and viable mechanisms to bring electrical power to isolated communities in Ecuador. Our results reveal that not only from the economic but also from the environmental point of view, for the case of the Galapagos province, a hybrid energy system with a PV–wind–battery configuration and a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) equal to 0.36 $/kWh is the optimal energy supply system. For the case of Morona Santiago, a hybrid energy system with a PV–diesel–battery configuration and an LCOE equal to 0.37$/kWh is the most suitable configuration to meet the load of a typical isolated community in Ecuador. The proposed optimization model can be used as a decision-support tool for evaluating the viability of autonomous HES projects at any other location. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Efficient Utilization of Energy toward Realization of Smart City)
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